Advanced Water Purification System: Process Principles and Flow Diagram

This advanced water purification system comprises four primary treatment subsystems:

This initial stage includes components such as a raw water tank, feedwater pumps, multimedia filters, and backwash equipment. Its primary function is to eliminate suspended solids, colloids, and large particulates from the incoming water. By doing so, it prepares the water for more refined downstream treatment stages.

The heart of the system, the RO desalination setup, consists of:

• A 5-micron precision filter

• RO membrane units

• RO membrane cleaning system

• Intermediate water storage tank

This subsystem removes approximately 98% of dissolved salts, making it a critical component for achieving the required water purity.

This stage includes:

• Mixed bed ion-exchange columns

• Regeneration unit

• Deionized water storage tank

The mixed bed system further refines the water by removing trace ions, ensuring the final water output meets stringent quality standards.

Utilizing a 120 T/h rotary membrane deaerator (including a deaeration head and feedwater heater), this system uses low-pressure steam to heat the water. This process raises the water temperature to 102°C–104°C, allowing corrosive gases such as oxygen (O₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) to be effectively stripped out. The final dissolved oxygen content is ≤ 0.015 g/L, meeting strict industrial water quality demands.

When pure water and saline water are separated by an ideal semi-permeable membrane, the membrane allows only water molecules to pass through while blocking salts. In natural osmosis, water flows spontaneously from the pure water side to the saline water side. However, applying external pressure on the saline water side can reverse this process. When the applied pressure exceeds the osmotic pressure, water molecules move from the saline water side to the pure water side, effectively filtering out contaminants. This is the fundamental principle of reverse osmosis (RO) filtration.

Xi’an CHIWATEC Water Treatment Technology is a high-tech enterprise specialized in various water processing devices. Aside from these individual products, which cover a number of types and series, we can also help with related comprehensive engineering projects. Thanks to our hard work and dedication upon our founding, we are now one of the fastest-developing water treatment equipment manufacturers in Western China.

Further reading

• Drinking Water Treatment Process Flow: A Comprehensive Guide to Water Purification
• Iron and Manganese Removal: Safeguarding Health with Advanced Water Purification
• Prospects of Portable Outdoor Water Purification Devices