How to calculate reverse osmosis desalination rate
Permeability = the amount of water permeated per unit time, L/H÷unit membrane area, M2
Desalination rate = (salt content of reverse osmosis treatment influent water, MG/L-salt content of reverse osmosis treatment effluent, MG/L) ÷ ÷ salt content of reverse osmosis treatment influent water, MG/L
Water recovery rate=permeate effluent water volume, L÷influent water volume, L
- Low pressure boiler is less than 2.45MPA (less than 25KGF/CM2)
- Medium pressure boiler 3.82-5.78 (39-59)
- High pressure boiler 5.88-12.65 (60-129)
Boiler blowdown rate = (salt content in boiler feed water, sodium content or silicon content, MG/L-salt content in boiler steam) ÷ (salt content in blowdown water, MG/L-boiler feed water Salt content)
For softened water
Boiler blowdown rate = salt content in boiler feed water, sodium content or silicon content ÷ (salt content in blowdown water-salt content in boiler feed water)
A simple qualitative method to determine the composition of circulating scale samples:
| The main components of common scale | the phenomenon that scale is dissolved by acid |
| Carbonate scale | A lot of bubbles are generated after adding acid |
| Silicate scale | slowly dissolves in hot hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, producing white insoluble matter |
| Iron oxide scale | is dissolved by adding nitric acid to produce a yellow solution |
| Copper scale | add nitric acid to dissolve, produce blue and yellow-green solution |
| Phosphate scale | Add ammonium molybdate test solution and then add nitric acid to produce a yellow precipitate, and then add ammonia water will |
dissolve the precipitate, indicating that it is phosphate scale
Standards for judging scale and corrosion of water sample analysis:
| 2PHS-PH<3.7 | serious scaling |
| 3.7<2PHS-PH<6 | scaling |
| 2PHS-PH=6 | stable |
| 6<2PHS-PH<7.5 | corrosion |
| 2PHS-PH>7.5 | severe corrosion |
PHS=(9.3+A+B)-(C+D)
Where: A, B, C, D, please refer to <Industrial Water Treatment Technology Questions and Answers and Common Data>
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